How to run 32-bit app in Ubuntu 64-bit?

Question

I installed Ubuntu 14.04 and the current Android development SDK, which contains 32-bit executables. I found that I cannot run those 32-bit binaries. Trying to start them from bash gives me an error:

$ ./adb
bash: ./adb: No such file or directory

It is there though:

$ ls -al ./adb
-rwxrwxrwx 1 thomas thomas 1231255 Jan 17 13:31 ./adb
$ file ./adb
./adb: ELF 32-bit LSB  executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, not stripped. 

Same symptom for all the other 32-bit tools in the Android SDK.

In olden days one could just install 32-bit libraries on 64-bit Ubuntu to get 32-bit support, but that does not seem to work anymore.

How do I run 32-bit apps on a 64-bit Ubuntu distribution?

Answer 1

To run a 32-bit executable file on a 64-bit multi-architecture Ubuntu system, you have to add the i386 architecture and install the three library packages libc6:i386, libncurses5:i386, and libstdc++6:i386:

sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386

Or if you are using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) or below, use this:

echo "foreign-architecture i386" > /etc/dpkg/dpkg.cfg.d/multiarch

Then:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libc6:i386 libncurses5:i386 libstdc++6:i386

If fails, do also

sudo apt-get install multiarch-support

After these steps, you should be able to run the 32-bit application:

./example32bitprogram

Answer 2

"No such file or directory" may appaear when you have your binary, but it lacks some libraries. If you install build-essential package, you will have ldd command available. This command ldd ./adb | grep not will show you what libraries are missing. Just install these libraries in i386 arch with apt. Like this: apt-get install libmissing:i386 Beware, some buggy packages will try to delete 64bit version firs.

Answer 3

Additionally to the excellent answer of Zanna and Avinash Raj I had to install gcc-multilib as well:

sudo apt-get install gcc-multilib

Possibly this is because I wanted to run an old gcc version on 64bit.

Answer 4

And if you want to use "adb" there is a package for it:

sudo apt-get install android-tools-adb

And about 32-bit libraries - only:

sudo apt-add-architecture i386

will be enough.

Answer 5

Just an addition to Zanna:
The following has solved the android studio problem of "unable to install libraries":

sudo apt-get install libdb1-compact tzdata initscripts

This replaces missing library libstdc++6-i386 which is probably because the package has been obsoleted. Not sure why this specific library was important.