gui.png-atlas is a generated 1024×512-pixel file that stores textures for many GUI elements.
Bleeding
There are several known ways in which to render parts of this atlas through unintended means:
In 23w31a, editing the NBT of a furnace such that its fuel time or cooking duration exceeds normal values causes these elements to display areas outwith the normal bounds.[1]
Having a greater amount of XP than what is needed to reach the next level also causes the atlas to bleed.[2] For some versions, this requires resizing of the window to see. Values of XpP 11734884 and above will instead render an empty bar.
If the border value for nine_slice scaling is specified to be greater than or equal to 2^30 in mcmeta files, the elements in question is replaced with other parts of the atlas accordingly due to integer overflow.[3]
The jump bar at full capacity renders an around one pixel wide area of the atlas it shouldn't, which are usually transparent and therefore unnoticeable.[4]