Questions tagged [contact-mechanics]

To be used when the question involves contact forces acting on one/many body systems and accompanying dynamical changes. For general questions,use [mechanics] and for contact mechanics based questions,use [contact-mechanics]

Contact mechanics can be defined as the study of bodies under dynamical deformation and stresses when subject to dynamical forces on contact. It is a specification of classical mechanics to bodies in contact or those in periodic contact and has many applications especially in engineering and other physical-activity based work.

How and when to use this tag

Use the tag if the question pertains bodies acted upon by dynamical forces which result in deformative and stressful actions on the surface of the body. The more general tag may also be used in posts where the contact is periodic i.e when there are certain moments of contact between bodies followed by periods of non contact. Much more general terms such as or can be used if related quantities such as the Lagrangian ($\mathcal{L}$) or Hamiltonian of the system ($\mathcal{H}$) are present/used. In general the question must specify if the problem at hand is related to other mechanics sub-branches.

Further information

If there are no forces involved, and can also be used. More generally a good tag would be dynamics (). If the bodies are fluidic in nature, then could also be used. The tag can also be used in case the situation involved include solid-fluid interactions at the classical level. can in principle also be used but is generally not. Incase of elastic or inelastic collisions between bodies (especially liquids),then the tag or such could also be used.

Further reading

  1. Handbook of Contact Mechanics by Valentin Popov, Markus Heß, Emmanuel Willert,2019

  2. Contact Mechanics by L.K Johnson,2012

  3. Contact Mechanics and Friction,V.Popov,2010.

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Is the deceleration of a body coming to rest due to friction completely smooth right up to the end?

Referring to the (empirical) laws of (dry) friction from Wikipedia it would appear that the deceleration is constant until the speed is zero. "Coulomb's Law of Friction: Kinetic friction is independent of the sliding velocity." I'm wondering though…
colinh
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Can we "pick up" an absolutely smooth cone off the ground?

I came up with the following problem: imagine an absolutely smooth cone with its circular face in contact with the ground. Is it possible to pick it up? Here are the detailed requirements: The cone is an even rigid body; Do not exert forces…
8
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2 answers

Physics of "force spreading" on impact on a surface

Consider a plate $P$ of thickness $d$ (for example a plate of wood) laying on a hard surface $S$ (for example on concrete floor). Suppose you have a maximum value of pressure $p_{\mathrm{max}}$ $S$ could tolerate before it fails in some way. Suppose…
7
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Why do we always assume in problems that if things are initially in contact with each other then they would be like that always?

I am a high school student and I am confused in one thing:"Why do we always assume in problems that if things are initially in contact with each other then they would be like that always?" 1)Suppose we have two blocks(A and B) initially in contact…
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3 answers

Deformation of an elastic ball

Suppose a free sponge ball is being compressed, due to applying a known force in a specific direction. The ball's shape will be distorted. Given are the direction of the applied force, as well as its magnitude. Can I calculate the deformation that…
3
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1 answer

What is weight at the particle level? How EXACTLY do atoms exert weight on each other?

This is what my intuition says about how the concept of weight works in a solid. The light brown arrows are the vectors of gravitational force, the light gray parts are the electron clouds around atoms, and the red arrows are repulsive forces. The…
3
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4 answers

How do I include friction due to normal force in Lagrange Equations?

I am going through the Goldstein book on classical mechanics and the after he derived the Lagrange equations he used Rayleigh dissipation function to include friction as a generalized force. In school we wrote friction as a function of the normal…
2
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0 answers

What is the minimum torque for a wheel to overcome an obstacle?

If I have a standard wheel with a motor attached, trying to overcome a vertical obstacle with height less than or equal to its radius, what is the minimum torque required from the motor to do so? Assume that the wheel pivots around the blue point…
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6 answers

If there is no gravitational force on the earth (i.e. acceleration due to gravity is 0m/s^2), will bodies in contact still experience a normal force?

My question arises from this post by Ashish Arora, where he asks: "If $g$ becomes zero suddenly, a body at rest on a fixed table will start moving away from it." In the above question $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity. Some in the comment…
2
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2 answers

How to obtain the equivalent Young Modulus in Hertzian contact?

I would like to understand why there's a $\nu²$ in the expression of the equivalent Young modulus in the Hertzian contact theory. Here's a common expression for an elastic sphere crushed on a rigid plate: $\frac{E}{1-\nu²}$. Most of the book I rode…
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Controversial model of microscopic springs to explain both static friction force and normal force

Many authors (like Randall D. Knight and Eric Mazur) explain nature of static friction force (either static or kinetic) in terms of molecular bonds, which are developed on microscopic bump of contacting surfaces. They suggest to consider these bonds…
Alexandr
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Distribution of normal force of a lever system

So from the diagram, there is a rigid solid subjected to a downward applied point force on its rightmost end, and a fixed pivot on its leftmost end. The rigid solid A is in contact with an elastic solid B as shown. Assume the system is at rest. The…
2
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1 answer

How many derivatives for the position of an object?

Here is a thought experiment. I have two steel balls on a steel surface. One is stationary at $(0, 0)$. The other is rolling towards it along the $x$-axis from the negative side. It will collide at time $0$. After that, the initially stationary…
badjohn
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Contact pressure - rope on pulley

I've been trying to find a way to calculate the contact pressure between a rope under tension and a pulley (free to move, or fixed). I'm expecting to find an equation that considers the wrap angle - similar to the capstan equation - but I'm…
2
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Strange sound of low frequency produced from 2 steel balls

When two steel balls collide, or any metal objects collide, a high frequency sound is produced. However, what was strange is that when I held two metal balls in my hand, and moved them around, it produces a rather strange sound when they collide. …
QuIcKmAtHs
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