Questions tagged [state-space-geometry]

For questions about geometrical features of the set of quantum states.

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Can the Bloch sphere be generalized to two qubits?

The Bloch sphere is a nice visualization of single qubit states. Mathematically, it can be generalized to any number of qubits by means of a high-dimensional hypersphere. But such things are not easy to visualize. What attempts have been made to…
James Wootton
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What is the difference between the "Fubini-Study distances" $\arccos|\langle\psi|\phi\rangle|$ and $\sqrt{1-|\langle\psi|\phi\rangle|}$?

I sometimes see the "Fubini-Study distance" between two (pure) states $|\psi\rangle,|\phi\rangle$ written as $$ d(\psi,\phi)_1=\arccos(|\langle\psi|\phi\rangle|), $$ for example in the Wikipedia page. Other sources (e.g. this paper in pag. 16), use…
glS
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Does the trace distance have a geometric interpretation?

Consider the trace distance between two quantum states $\rho,\sigma$, defined via $$D(\rho,\sigma)=\frac12\operatorname{Tr}|\rho-\sigma|,$$ where $|A|\equiv\sqrt{A^\dagger A}$. When $\rho$ and $\sigma$ are one-qubit states, the trace distance can be…
glS
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What are useful resources about the geometric of qutrits and its relation with Gell-Mann matrices?

I need some useful sources about the geometry of qutrit. Specifically related to the Gell-Mann matrix representation.
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Do pure qudit states lie on a hypersphere in the Bloch representation?

It is known that every state $\rho$ of a $d$-level system (or if you prefer, qudits living in a $d$-dimensional Hilbert space) can be mapped into elements of $\mathbb R^{d^2-1}$ through the mapping provided by the Bloch representation, by writing it…
glS
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Homeomorphism or stereographic projection corresponding to the set of mixed states within the Bloch sphere

The Bloch sphere is homeomorphic to the Riemann sphere, and there exists a stereographic projection $\Bbb S^2\to \Bbb C_\infty$. But this only holds for pure states. To quote Wikipedia: Quantum mechanics is mathematically formulated in Hilbert…
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Is the set of all states with negative conditional Von Neumann entropy convex?

I have read somewhere / heard that the set of all states that have non-negative conditional Von Neumann entropy forms a convex set. Is this true? Is there a proof for it? Can anything be said about the reverse - set of all states that have negative…
Mahathi Vempati
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Why is the boundary of the set of states in the generalised Bloch representation comprised of singular matrices?

Consider an arbitrary qudit state $\rho$ over $d$ modes. Any such state can be represented as a point in $\mathbb R^{d^2-1}$ via the standard Bloch representation: $$\rho=\frac{1}{d}\left(\mathbb I +\sum_k c_k\sigma_k\right)$$ with $\sigma_k$…
glS
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What is the connection between Bures metric and (finite) Bures distance?

The Wikipedia page discussing the Bures metric introduces it as the Hermitian 1-form operator $G$ defined implicitly by $\rho G+G\rho = \mathrm d\rho$, and which induces the corresponding Bures distance, which reads $$[d(\rho,\rho+\mathrm d\rho)]^2…
glS
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How are orthogonal sets of pure states arranged in state space?

It is well known that the state of a (pure) qubit can be described as a point on a two-dimensional sphere, the so-called Bloch sphere. The mapping $\lvert\psi\rangle\mapsto \boldsymbol r_\psi$ that sends each state into its representative in the…
glS
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Purity of mixed states as a function of radial distance from origin of Bloch ball

@AHusain mentions here that the purity of a qubit state can be expressed as a function of the radius from the center of a Bloch sphere. The state corresponding to the origin is maximally mixed whereas the states corresponding to the boundary points…
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Do states with the same purity always have the same rank?

The purity of a state $\rho$ is $\newcommand{\tr}{\operatorname{Tr}}\tr(\rho^2)$, which is known to equal $1$ iff $\rho$ is pure. Another quantity that can be used to quantify how close a state $\rho$ is to be pure is its rank. This equals the…
glS
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Is any multi-qubit unitary operation a rotation about a specific unit vector?

I understand that any single qubit unitary operation can be expressed as a rotation around a three dimensional unit vector. Is it possible to do the same for multi-qubit unitaries? Can I express an $n$-qubit unitary operation as a rotation about…
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How to go from finite to infinitesimal form of the Fubini-Study metric?

As mentioned e.g. in the Wikipedia page, given a pair of pure states $\psi,\phi\in\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$, the geodesic distance between them is $$\gamma(\psi,\phi) =…
glS
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Relation between geometric and discrete circuit complexity

Geometric complexity of a unitary, as introduced for example here https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0502070, measures the length of a geodesic connecting the identity matrix and a given unitary in the metric where directions corresponding to…
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