Say you're a distant observer having your own clock and you're observing a clock falling into the black hole. As the clock approaches the black hole, the time measured by you is much slower than your own clock. As it nears the event-horizon, it gets red-shifted so much and at its closest distance to the horizon (somehow you managed to see the red-shifted clock), you'll see the clock freeze and stands still there. Because, further photons can't escape from the black hole's strong curvature and you'll see the photons that are trying to escape from the blackhole. This results in a scene that you'll see the clock stay there forever, never reaching the event-horizon. (The same thing happens during the formation of a blackhole)
But if you are an "in-falling observer" along with the clock, you'll see that your clock is normal. Even after you've fallen into the blackhole, you can see your own clock tick. But, you can't quite determine whether you've crossed the horizon or not..! So, this kinda (local) observation does not account for the blackhole's age anyway.
On the other hand - if you're interested in the age of blackhole, Hawking radiation is useful to determine (as mentioned by John). In its principle, the blackhole evaporates by quantum gravitational effects which makes use of virtual particle pairs and the rate of this emission is proportional to the mass. But, the problem here is (due to quantum scale) that the evaporation is very very low (not simply some billion billion years as for other phases of stars)...