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this is my first post, I feel like this is an issue nobody else has had before but I'm probably wrong.

I created a persistent live bootable USB from windows using Rufus 3.9. I want to install chrome as well as firefox and use apt-get update and apt-get upgrade while keeping the USB persistent. I think this is only possible if I do a complete install of Ubuntu, but I want to keep all of my files on the computer and only install Ubuntu on the USB drive. The USB is 16 GB and I made my persistent storage 8 GB in Rufus. Rufus makes 2 partitions, one for the EFI boot (I think) and the other is a casper-rw. If you're going to point me to a link, please direct me where to look as I have done some of my own research and nothing seems to address my specific case. I hope I'm wrong, but I've tried and nothing seems to look or be the way that my machine is. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. When I run the "Install Ubuntu 19.10" thing on the desktop, there is no "Try Ubuntu" option. I get through the options and then go to the partitions window and that's where I have trouble. My computer is unable to connect to wifi because I think that is an extra feature that comes with the install, so my apt-get requests fail. I want to make sure that none of my computer's files are erased, so I took out the storage from the computer. I tried to unmount the persistent storage using GPartEd, and doing this allowed me to make a new partition table in the last section of the installer GUI, although any changes I made were deleted since there is no longer any persistence. Then I tried installing and got an endless supply of SQUASHFS errors. I am trying to install on a 2010 macbook pro that basically can't be moved when it is powered on, I'm not sure of the cause.

This is for a homework assignment, and I have limited experience in Linux. I've essentially taken an intro to linux course, but other than that I have no real experience with the OS. The teacher says he has a solution key, so if I can't figure this out, I'll update my post with his answer.

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Making a Full install of Ubuntu to USB from a Live install

You can use Ubuntu running in RAM to make a Full install to the USB drive it was booted from, (16GB minimum), or to a second USB.

Boot the USB drive using the toram option, that is, at boot press shift, if it is a SDC or Rufus install, if It is a UNetbootin install, press tab at the boot menu. Press F6, type a space then 'toram'.

The Live USB should be booted in the same BIOS or UEFI mode as the internal drive is.

I prefer going to GParted or Disks to unmount the usb drive partition so I can see what is happening. Unmount it using your preference.

Start Install Ubuntu, at "Installation type" select 'Something else'.

Under 'Device for boot loader installation' select the target drive.

Create a new partition table on the target drive.

Click the plus sign to create a "/" partition.

Complete install and you should have a Full install USB that works on your machine. Run 'sudo update-grub' to add your internal HDD to the USB's boot menu.

For a step by step guide to doing a Full install of Ubuntu on USB see: How to Create a Full Install of Ubuntu 19.10 to USB Device Step by Step

C.S.Cameron
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