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I was reading this paper: Quantum Anonymous Networking: A Quantum Leap in Privacy (DOI: 10.1109/MNET.2024.3408814)

In 1) Anonymous Data Disseminating and 3) Anonymous Qudit Teleporting section of the paper, it mentions (d-dimensional) digit-shift Weyl gate:

In 1) Anonymous Data Disseminating section:

and then sequentially performing controlled d-dimensional Weyl-x, i.e., digit-shift $ X_{d}^{j} $ gates with the first qudit as the control and each of the subsequent qudits as the target

The paper further explains on this part by saying:

In this controlled digit-shift operation, if the control qudit is in the state |j〉, the target qudit is shifted by j in the computational basis applying j times the d-dimensional digit-shift Weyl gate $ X_d $

In 3) Anonymous Qudit Teleporting section:

Alice applies the controlled digit-shift Weyl gate, i.e., the d-dimensional controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate between her teleporting qudit (control) | ψ 〉 T and her member qudit (target)

Given that the paper use "i.e.", so I think that: controlled d-dimensional Weyl-x = controlled digit-shift $ X_{d}^{j} $ gates = controlled (d-dimensional) digit-shift Weyl gate = d-dimensional controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate

But I still have no idea what these gates are.

I had tried searching with these terms:

None of these results answer my question.

Could someone explain what is d-dimensional digit-shift Weyl gate and its operation?

bob
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