While reading about pair production, I came across the concept of negative energy. What is negative energy exactly? And can there be negative mass corresponding to this energy?
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Matter and antimatter have positive energy and mass. Both the electron and the positron have a positive rest energy of 511 keV and a positive mass of $9.11\times 10^{-31} $ kg.
In my opinion the concern remains that Dirac theory predicts negative energy, for either matter of for antimatter, and that the Dirac Hamiltonian commutation with position x does not produce p/m but the nonsensical result of c.
In spite of it being wholly unphysical the concept of a bottomless Dirac sea of filled electron states is still entertained in modern textbooks like Reinhardt Quantum Mechanics 3ed (2003), even with a picture at page 382. It would be sarcasm to ask whether this Dirac sea becomes superconducting at low temperature.
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