Install cpufrequtils:
sudo apt-get install cpufrequtils
Go to terminal and type:
cpufreq-info
If your laptop is running intel_pstate, we have to disable that.
In terminal:
sudo gedit /etc/default/grub
And edit this line so it looks like this:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_pstate=disable quiet splash"
Then, reboot, and type this in terminal:
sudo cpufreq-set -g ondemand
What this command does is set a governor that controls the CPU based on load. Therefore, if you aren't running many intensive programs, your CPU will idle at a lower clock speed, thereby using less power and using less heat.
Now, if this doesn't work, we can try to manually control your fans. It is unlikely you will be able to control them, as you have a consumer laptop that is relatively recent- there probably aren't drivers for the fans.
sudo apt-get lm-sensors
See if your fan is there, with its RPM reading. If it is, then we can control the fan.
See this thread for more information: How to control fan speed?