Caristius fasciatus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Perciformes
Family: Caristiidae
Genus: Caristius
Species:
C. fasciatus
Binomial name
Caristius fasciatus
(Borodin, 1930)
Synonyms[1]
  • Caristius groenlandicus Jensen, 1941
  • Platyberyx groenlandicus (Jensen, 1941)
  • Pteraclis fasciatus Borodin, 1930

Caristius fasciatus, the Greenland manefish, is a species of fish.[2]

Description

This large-eyed round fish is compressed in cross section. It is a pale blue-grey in colour with a few irregular darker bars and a dark, sail-like dorsal fin. The anal fins, like the dorsal fin, are dark, while the caudal and pectoral fins are small and translucent.[3] Their dorsal, pectoral and anal fins have no spines and are made up of only soft rays (31-34, 16-18 and 18-21 rays respectively). The longest recorded individual was 30 cm (12 in) long.[4]

Similar species

The Greenland manefish has fewer and larger teeth and fewer vertebrae than Caristius macropus and Caristius meridionalis. It differs from Caristius digitus through the lack of a series of fingerlike papillae inside the opercle (the Greenland manefish has at most one), the short conical pharyngeal teeth (they are elongated in C. digitus), and fewer gill rakers.[5]

Distribution and habitat

This species is found in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. It is known from the oceans around Argentina, Canada, Greenland, Namibia and South Africa.[4] This species is found in the bethypelagic zone at depths of 100–420 m (330–1,380 ft).[6] This species may, however, also rarely be found closer to the coast. In South Africa, for example, it was photographed at a depth of 15 m (49 ft) off Oudekraal.[3]

Ecology

While the diet of these species has not been examined in any detail, it is known to eat pelagic crustaceans, such as plankton.[7] From the capture of females and juveniles, it is believed that spawning occurs on the edges of sub-tropical waters, such as the Sargasso Sea, around the Gulf Stream and off the Azores.[8]

References

  1. ↑ "Caristius fasciatus". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 14 March 2023.
  2. ↑ Britz, R. and K.E. Hartel, 2012. On the synonymy of Caristius groenlandicus Jensen and Pteraclis fasciatus Borodin (Pisces: Caristiidae). Zootaxa 3546:85-88.
  3. 1 2 Zsilavecz, Guido (2005). Coastal fishes of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay : a divers' identification guide. Cape Town: Southern Underwater Research Group. ISBN 0-620-34230-7. OCLC 70133147.
  4. 1 2 "Caristius fasciatus, Greenland manefish". www.fishbase.ca. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
  5. ↑ Stevenson, D.E. and C.P. Kenaley, 2013. Revision of the manefish genera Caristius and Platyberyx (Teleostei: Percomorpha: Caristiidae), with description of five new species. Copeia 2013(3):415-434
  6. ↑ Smith, Margaret M.; Heemstra, Phillip C., eds. (1986). "Smiths' Sea Fishes". doi:10.1007/978-3-642-82858-4. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  7. ↑ Macpherson, E., 1989. Influence of geographical distribution, body size and diet on population density of benthic fishes off Namibia (South West Africa). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 50:295-299.
  8. ↑ Kukuev, E.I., N.V. Parin and I.A. Trunov, 2013. Materials for the revision of the family Caristiidae (Perciformes): 3. Manefishes (genus Caristius) from moderate warm waters of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans with a description of three new species from the southeast Atlantic (C. barsukovi sp. n., C. litvinovi sp. n., C. walvisensis sp. n.). J. Ichthyol. 53(8):541-561.
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