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I'm trying to study the book Picturing Quantum Processes: A First Course in Quantum Theory and Diagrammatic Reasoning and would like some help with Exercise 4.12:

Loop Equation

The relevant equations are as follows:

Yanking 4.6 Yanking 4.8 Yanking 4.9

As an aside, I would really appreciate it if anyone knows where to find the solutions of this book. Thank you!

Frederik vom Ende
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Mahathi Vempati
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2 Answers2

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Here is the solution. The trick is to use "the only connectivity matters" rule. The swap rule of 4.9 helps us reorder the inputs, which then makes it topologically equivalent to the next diagram (match the first and second wires of the states).

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Mahathi Vempati
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  1. Replace in the diagram in exercise 4.12 the triangles with the corresponding bending wires.
  2. It seems that the resulting diagram is like the second identity in 4.9, but with two added straight horizontal wires. (The diagram is rotated, but that doesn't matter.) Apply this identity.
  3. The resulting diagram is a cap with added straight wires. It is permitted to straighten the wire.

Another way using yanking out crossings:

Start from the given diagram. Rotate the bottom bending with the cup in 3D around the vertical axis , until it the diagrams looks like the last diagram in 4.6. That is equal to a straight wire.

I hope the rewrite process I described is clear.

Nick Decroos
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