Polarized light (or any EM wave) works by having an unidirectional orientation of the transverse EM waves. Fine, but that is a description of light (EM radiation) by EM fields. Deeper with a layer, we have a bunch of photons. Spin-1 bosons flying away with $c$.
How are they different if we have polarized light? What quantum numbers of the photons are different (distributed unevenly) if the light is polarized?