Regarding light as a particle, is there something like momentum from light when it shines on objects?
We can see light as a particle or a wave. Regarding it as a particle, is there some momentum given to objects which are struck by light?
It should not be, as light has no mass - or does it have mass due to movement?
Photons do have momentum, and the equation for the momentum of a photon is given by:
$$p = \frac{E}{c}$$ where E is the energy of the photon.
These equations can be derived from Einstein's Equation:
$$E^2 = p^2c^2 + m^2c^4$$
For a photon with mass = 0, the equation is reduced to:
$$E = pc$$
This means that mass is not required in order to have momentum, so long the particle has energy (which a photon surely has - as shown through the photelectric effect)
Thus, it is a common misconception that mass is required for momentum.
Edit: momentum of a photon can also be written as $$p = \frac{h}{\lambda}$$
What this λ represents in the context of a particle is simply the EM wave associated with that particular photon since particles themselves do not have wavelengths.
Hope this helps!
In addition to the other correct answers, it's worth noting that even classically (i.e., even in the old days when people thought light was just a wave), the electromagnetic field carries energy and momentum. The momentum of a classical electromagnetic wave leads to radiation pressure. Of course we have a deeper understanding of this now this now in terms of quantum mechanics and photons, but the effect is there even in classical physics.
Yes the electromagnetic field carries a momentum density proportional to $\mathbf{E}\times\mathbf{B}$, when a charged particle is accelerated by said field some of this momentum is transferred. The same is true for energy and angular momentum.
Yes it does transfer momentum. Although it has no mass, from the energy momentum relation you get the following
$ E = \sqrt{p^2c^2+m^2c^4} = h\nu$
And hence,
$ |p| = \frac{h\nu}{c}$
As Kurt G. pointed out, that was the idea for Crooke's radiometer, but eventually not the correct explanantion. Other examples I think would be the trail of a coment pointing away from the sun. Or the project "Breakthrough Starshot", where they want to accelarate a nano-spacecraft by laserlight.
