Since the big bang comprises of all the particles in the universe in an extremely dense point, couldn't it to be said it would be the most massive black hole to ever exist? Since even light cannot escape and they can only evaporate via high energy radiation, how did all the particles during the big bang have the energy to overcome the gravity? Wouldn't they have to be moving faster than light?
1 Answers
Here are two general observations which might help.
First, the big bang "fireball" trapped light inside it not because gravity was so powerful, but instead because the temperature was so high that the photons of light could not travel very far before colliding with something that had an electric charge (electron-positron pairs were all over the place at that time).
Regarding the gravity argument, it's important to remember that the big bang did not start as an explosion in space which the bang then "filled", it was space itself which was expanding and carrying matter along with it.
You would probably benefit by reading Stephen Weinberg's book The First Three Minutes, which goes into all the ins and outs of the big bang in an easily-comprehended way.
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