It seems a positive cosmology constant behaves like a negative pressure. However, the positive cosmology constant cause a expanding universe. So I am puzzling about this:
A negative pressure cause a expanding universe?
To me, it is easy to imagine the positive pressure cause expanding just like gas. Could you give me a explanation about this?
It does seem odd, but this is because in GR the Einstein tensor is proportional to the stress-energy tensor not just the mass. This is (commonly represented as) a 4x4 matrix and the dominant term is usually the energy density, $T_{00}$. However the other diagonal components $T_{11}$, $T_{22}$ and $T_{33}$ are the pressure. A positive pressure behaves like a mass and causes an attraction. Luboš Motl went into some detail on this in his answer to Why does pressure act as a source for the gravitational field?. A negative pressure has the opposite effect i.e. it causes a repulsion.
I've rather glossed over why pressure has a similar effect to energy density, because this isn't easy to explain in simple terms. John Baez had a go here, though I'm not sure I find this terribly convincing.
An oversimplified view on it: Imagine the universe as a 2D sphere. If you add positive pressure (locally or globally), it tends to crumple the sphere where it acts, that is to increase its curvature. And greater curvature means a lesser sphere. And the opposite way for negative pressure.
