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I read recently the original Apollo 11 press release and it mentions that the Saturn V's third stage (used for Trans-Lunar Injection) was deployed into a solar orbit of some kind:

Quote: "Later, leftover liquid propellant in the Saturn third stage will be vented through the engine bell to place the stage into a 'slingshot' trajectory to miss the Moon and go into solar orbit."

(Source: Press Kit - Apollo 11 Lunar Landing Mission. NASA Release no. 69-83K, page 6.)

I know that on other Apollo missions the third stage was crashed into the Moon ahead of the lunar module's landing to trigger the seismometers left behind by previous missions. Which Apollo flights did this and which ones sent their third stages to wander the solar system? For the ones that went into solar orbits, how well were those orbits measured? Do we know where they are now?

Qmechanic
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Emilio Pisanty
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2 Answers2

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The third stages of the first four Apollo lunar missions (8, 10, 11 and 12) were placed in a heliocentric orbit, while those of subsequent missions (13 on) were targeted at the moon.

The locations of the orbiting stages are not particularly well known, unless we happen to encounter one, as we did in 2002 when the third stage for Apollo 12 briefly orbited Earth as J002E3, likely due to an incomplete burn resulting in an unstable orbit.

orome
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These are the exact ephemerides of those Saturn Third stages in solar orbit, Note that the Lunar slingshot placed the third stages in orbits of less than 365 days so they are in orbit inward towards the sun from the earth by just a bit.

Any encounter with the Earth Moon system after the following data chart would change that object's orbit

Saturn IVB Solar Trajectory

This data table reports the impact data for the saturn IVB's

Saturn IVB impactors data set

rappolee
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