Why can't the pair production process occur in empty space? I have read that a nucleus must exist and this is how it is useful: that the photon turns into virtual loops of e+ e- and one of them interacts with the field of a real charged particle exchanging enough energy and momentum so that both e+e- become real while energy and momentum are conserved in a three body diagram. What I don't understand is how the photon turns to virtual loops of e+e- what do they mean what are they... You know there are lots of info from the Internet that now I knew them, my professor doesn't explain much, he just says that positron with a nucleus gives.... Etc so he just writes the equation but I'd really like to know specific details and it takes so much time from me.. :(
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