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How do you end up with the formula for Amontons' first law of friction? ($F_s = \mu_s \times N$) or ($F_k = \mu_k \times N$). I know how to use the formula. Now I need to know how to get to it.

John Rennie
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Paincakes
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The relation is empirically observed across a wide range of materials and conditions. But it is not exact. Attempting to derive a similar equation just from lower-level physics such as solid surface molecular interactions would be horribly complex.

BowlOfRed
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