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Transverse Magnetic (TM) and Transverse Electric (TE) modes

So I'm wholly ignorant of any knowledge surrounding these modes, so bear with me here..

One component is infinitesimally small in the first two TE & TM, Could this be done with the biggest ratio transformer (step up for TE and step down for TM) is this an alright assumption?

I assume this could be done in photonics/phononics as well since they are also particle waves, but again, the mechanism escapes the boundaries of my understanding.

What i really want to know, is how to remove either magnetic or electric field in a signal, and why anyone would Want to.

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David
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You seem to be asking about mode transformers; these are extensively used in antennas as they connect to waveguide feeds. The waveguides usually employ TE10 (rectangular) or TE11 (circular) modes, but if you want to feed a horn, say, then you have to shape the field properly to avoid reflection, reduce sidelobes, and reduce cross-polarization coupling, etc. A good horn emits a rather complex combination of hybrid modes. See, e.g., the Potter horn. Here are a few pictures https://www.google.com/search?q=waveguide+mode+transformers&rlz=1C1LDJZ_enUS502US584&espv=2&biw=1242&bih=619&tbm=isch&tbo=u&source=univ&sa=X&ei=9CeHVJf4KZCcygTX4YLYCw&ved=0CFIQ7Ak

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