Might be a stupid question, but it has been bugging me for a week. Pre big bang conditions look like an universe mass black hole to me, so what force acted against the massive gravity at the beginning, making it expand?
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The Big Bang was not like a black hole. See the canonical question Did the Big Bang happen at a point? to see why.
The evolution of the universe from the Big Bang onwards is determined by the FLRW metric and the initial conditions. The FLRW metric is given to us by Einstein's equation, but we have no theory to explain why the initial conditions were what they were. At the moment we just have to accept them. Given that it's such a fundamental issue there have been many, many suggestions for how the universe managed to find itself in just the right initial state to evolve into the universe we see around us today. However these are all just speculation.
John Rennie
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There were no "pre big bang" conditions. Not physically and not even theoretically.
Time itself started with the big bang. How can there be a "time" before the start of time itself?
Imran Roy
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