if all motion is relative to the frame of reference determined by an observer, why would the view that planet earth revolves around the Sun more correct than the view that the Sun revolved around planet Earth and all the other planets revolve around the Sun?
Is there a mathematical proof?
Neither view is correct. The Earth and the Sun both revolve around the barycenter (center of mass) of the solar system. In fact, some exoplanets have been discovered due to the motion of the star around its system's barycenter.
In special relativity, there is no preferred inertial frame of reference (that is constant velocity frame of reference). But revolving is a non-inertial frame of reference.
