The "statefulness" is different for each factor.
Another way to think about this is the "memory" of a given factor.
Some factors inherently have memory - the factor is based on historically tracking some aspect of your credit report over time. For instance, factors based on delinquency of accounts - if you're delinquent on an account, that will cause your score to drop for several years. Bringing the account to current doesn't immediately result in a reversal of the impact the delinquency had.
However, other factors have no memory. You seem to be concerned about a hit to your credit score because of utilization. Credit utilization has no memory. For the sake of having a scenario, assume your credit score is 700 and you have several credit cards that are all sitting at zero balance. You could charge all your accounts to 100%, let them sit like that for a month, and your score will drop. Let's assume the drop is 100 points, so now your score is 600. If you pay all your accounts and let them sit at zero balance through the next cycle, and nothing else on your credit report has changed, your score will go back up to exactly 700.
Further, the credit utilization factor is based only on the utilization on the day in which a given account is reported to the credit bureaus. Most card issuers report once a month, on a specific date. If you know what day of the month that reporting happens on, you can go ahead and charge your card to 100% and let it sit at 100%, then pay it off in full the day before it is reported, and that 100% utilization will never be reflected in your credit report.
The way utilization works sometimes catches people off guard, because they think to themselves, but I paid the balance in full when I got my statement! without realizing that the statement date and/or the date they paid the card on may not actually line up with the date on which the card issuer reports the account's status to the credit bureaus. In effect, if you use your card throughout the month, and it happens to carry a balance on the day it is reported, that balance is what will impact your utilization even if you pay the balance off in full before it's due date.
To bring this back into focus for your specific Amazon card, it sounds like you got "unlucky" in the sense that the card had balance on it when it was reported. In a sense, that's bad news because it caused your score to drop. However, since you have since paid the card off, the good news is, as of the next reporting cycle, your report will no longer reflect that utilization and your score will go right back up. After that happens, it's as if that balance never existed. No one in the future will know about it (unless they look at your credit score's trend over time, which is not typical).
If your concern is gaming the system to have a high score because it makes you feel good, then try to determine the day on which your card balance is reported, and make sure it's zero on that day. But, realistically speaking, because the utilization factor has no memory, all you really need to do is "maximize" that factor in the month(s) leading up to any situation where you might need credit. So, for instance, if you're going to apply for a car loan or a mortgage in a few months, you should make sure all your balances are reported at a low utilization for the next few months. But if you know you won't be needing to use your credit report in the immediate future, utilization really doesn't matter.
And as a footnote, if you are truly concerned about getting the highest possible credit score, you should carry a (very small) balance on a card on the day it is reported. Zero utilization is actually scored ever so slightly lower than a small utilization in today's most popular models, because carrying zero utilization is seen as slightly riskier behavior than actually using cards (and therefore occasionally having a small balance on the report date).
