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Defendant, a non-ctizen, pleads guilty to felony. The non-citizen gets a good deal,(probation no jail time) but his attorney does not tell him that he is going to get deported for it. (The state felony that non-citizen plead to is considered an "aggravated felony" under the INA and subject to mandatory deportation.) If the defendant, non-ctizen, knew that he would be deported, he would have taken his chances with the trial instead of pleading guilty.

Some time later ICE initiates removal proceedings and the non citizen is deported. Non-citizen seeks recourse under habeas corpus in order to vacate his criminal conviction, as the attorney did not tell him he is going to be deported.

Padilla v. Commonwealth of Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (2010); Lee v. United States, 582 U.S. ___ (2017) These cases instruct that If the defendant(a long term permanent resident) plead guilty to an aggravated felony, the attorney had to tell him that he was going to be deported. If the attorney did, the decision must be vacated if the defendant is willing to go to trial. But, in each of these cases the attorney admitted his wrong.

During habeas proceedings, the attorney submits an affidavit stating, that she did in fact inform the defendant that he is going to get deported. (But, she in fact did not.)

The court believes the attorney, and denies the relief.

What can a non-citizen do to prove that the attorney lied, if it comes down to just his word against hers?

What is the bare minimum proof necessary to overturn the trial courts decision?

Jurisdiction, State of Texas

Ivan Vetcher
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Right now - nothing.

The matter has been heard and finalised - you had your opportunity to enter the evidence that supports your assertion, you don’t get another one.

Dale M
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The "bare minimum necessary to overturn the court's decision" is some actual evidence; a statement from the attorney's secretary, an e-mail to somebody else saying that the defendant was never informed, or something of that sort. Even if you get that, there will be problems; why was the evidence not brought out at the first trial, is it now possible to appeal or set aside the judgement, and other questions depending on the state's legal code. But if the court had to decide "his word against hers" and there is no new evidence, there is no way to change the decision, however unfair you may think it.

Tim Lymington
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Who to believe is a judgement call, in this case one for the appellate court to make. Evidence tending to indicate who is telling the truth would help, if any is avaliable. But if neither the lawyer not the accused spoke about the matter at the tiem to a third party, thre may be no such evidence.

And once the appeals court has made a judgement, it is very unlikely to reconsider it I am afraid there may be no legal path forward for the deported person in such a case.

David Siegel
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