Suppose the following scenario: John bought "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone" from a bookstore. However, he decided that he wants to listen to it instead of reading. He gets his mom or an AI text-to-speech program to read it out loud, recording to an audio file containing a narration of the entire book. He listens to it only for his personal use and never distributes the audio file.
Is John infringing that book's copyright?
I know that in practice no publisher would come after John for doing this, but I'm curious about the legality of this in theory.