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I am building a project which involves the application of geo-fencing at the international borders. An alert is received when the user is near the border. an email is sent to the coastal guards as well. I know that internet connectivity or getting tower signal is very difficult at the sea and countries are still trying to figure out how to solve this issue. Is there any other way, this can be solved?

I have a few thoughts. I am sure none of them are feasible nor effective. these are all only my views. so I thought about underwater optical fiber cables which are used by ACT network and all. so can we do something with that? I also researched many countries like China and America are trying to establish some centres in the sea which can give connectivity in the sea by establishing towers in them. I also thought about using developing satellite phones so that they can be used more than just to make a call.

My teacher suggested increasing the bandwidth of the towers near the sea, though I know it is bad, to reach longer distance

hardillb
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user9732
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2 Answers2

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Water is a natural attenuator of electromagnetic waves, also you must take into account the obstruction of the Fresnel zones, knowing the frequency of the Wi-Fi wave and the distance of the link. One way to counteract this effect is to increase the height of the antenna.

tyncho08
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Sooner or later you'll run out of terrestrial connectivity. Cables wont go everywhere you want to go. There are two methods for providing digital comms at sea - VHF and Satellite. You'll be pushing it to get useful Internet functionality via VHF, which leaves satellite as your best option. Satellites are what are providing you with GPS after all. Satellite is not just for phones - you're better off starting with a satellite data service than trying to modify a Satellite phone.

It doesn't sound like you have significant bandwidth requirements, so there are several options. In fact, in the last 12 months about a dozen more options became available as various companies have launched nanosatellites to provide global connectivity. There are many parameters to consider: geostationary options will only provide coverage in certain areas; global options might have long gaps in connectivity; there are tradeoffs between bandwidth and availability. Good luck!

Heath Raftery
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