UPDATE:
Had to take existing Ubuntu 14.04 installation running with a Gigabyte GA-M57SLI-S4 Rev 1.1 motherboard and move it to an older Gigabyte GA-K8N51GMF-9 motherboard scenario.
The GA-K8N51GMF-9 has a Vitesse 8201 gigabit ethernet LAN chip.
"Onboard LAN" excerpt from GA-K8N51GMF-9 manual
Highlighted LAN section of GA-K8N51GMF-9 block diagram
The GA-K8N51GMF-9 runs an nVidia nForce 430 chipset.
The system is set up to get an IP from DHCP but cannot get an IP on bootup.
I set the unit up to use SSH keys so ethernet is critical and my debugging options are limited but I do have physical access to the machine and one limited account (not even sudo!) login I can use.
I've reset the BIOS to defaults, both optimised and safe. Neither helps.
lspci (apologies if too blurry)
dmesg (apologies if too blurry)
Does Ubuntu 14.04 support the Vitesse 8201 chip?