Hitting arrow keys adds characters in vi editor

Question

When I tried to use arrow keys in insert mode in vi editor the following characters are being inserted in the editor:

for ↓ I get B,
for ↑ I get A,
for ← I get D,
for → I get C.

Please help me in resolve this problem.

score 366 · Answer 1 · edited Mar 19 '16 at 12:05

366

If you don't already have a .vimrc file in your home directory, create one using this:

vim ~/.vimrc

Add this line to the top of the file:

set nocompatible

Save the file and this should fix the problem for you. :)

edited Mar 19 '16 at 12:05

muru

207,228

answered Oct 05 '13 at 07:23

G M

3,769

score 199 · Answer 2 · edited Oct 14 '19 at 14:06

199

Installing the vim package will fix the problem:

sudo apt-get install vim

There are many good vim/vi tutorials on YouTube, or the web generally. For your problem, see the article 8 Essential Vim Editor Navigation Fundamentals.

Then continue to open files as usual:

vi desired-file

edited Oct 14 '19 at 14:06

Eliah Kagan

119,640

answered Nov 21 '12 at 08:03

sthysel

2,156

Boris · Answer 3 · 2021-11-15T05:56:12.403

With vi, when pressing i you activate the command to Insert text.
This command allows you to insert text in your file.
And right, when:

pressing ↑ it will insert a "A",
pressing ↓ it will insert a "B",
...

Till you deactivate this command.
To deactivate a command in vi: just press Esc
And then you will get back normal use of your arrow keys:

↑ to go up,
↓ to go down,
...

FYI, here are some vi commands:
_{From this source.}

:xReturn quit vi, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
:wqReturn quit vi, writing out modified file to file named in original invocation
:qReturn quit (or exit) vi
:q!Return quit vi even though latest changes have not been saved for this vi call

↓ move cursor down one line
↓ move cursor up one line
← move cursor left one character
→ move cursor right one character

u undo whatever you just did; a simple toggle
. redo whatever you just did

i insert text before cursor, until Esc hit
I insert text at beginning of current line, until Esc hit
a append text after cursor, until Esc hit
A append text to end of current line, until Esc hit
o open and put text in a new line below current line, until Esc hit
O open and put text in a new line above current line, until Esc hit

r replace single character under cursor (no Esc needed)
cw change the current word with new text,starting with the character under cursor, until Esc hit
x delete single character under cursor
Nx delete N characters, starting with character under cursor
dw delete the single word beginning with character under cursor
C change (replace) the characters in the current line, until Esc hit
D delete the remainder of the line, starting with current cursor position

dd delete entire current line
Ndd delete N lines, beginning with the current line; e.g., 5dd deletes 5 lines
yy copy (yank, cut) the current line into the buffer
Nyy copy (yank, cut) the next N lines, including the current line, into the buffer
p paste the line(s) in the buffer into the text after the current line

0 (zero) move cursor to start of current line (the one with the cursor)
$ move cursor to end of current line
w move cursor to beginning of next word
b move cursor back to beginning of preceding word
:0Return or 1G move cursor to first line in file
:nReturn or nG move cursor to line n
:$Return or G move cursor to last line in file

/string search forward for occurrence of string in text
?string search backward for occurrence of string in text
n move to next occurrence of search string
N move to next occurrence of search string in opposite direction

score 24 · Answer 4 · answered Aug 08 '15 at 12:46

24

To disable printing letters on pressing arrows in edit mode you can do following

vi $HOME/.exrc

(create file if it does not exist) and then add line set nocompatible to it and save.

answered Aug 08 '15 at 12:46

Aniket Thakur

4,267
3
27
25

score 11 · Answer 5 · edited Oct 05 '13 at 07:45

There are three modes in vi editor namely:

command mode
input mode
default mode.

When youu open a file, you are in default mode. Now if you want to go to a specific position in your text, just use arrow keys or use h, j, k, l keys. Note that this would work only when you have not pressed i (or any other input mode entering command like a, A, I).

The reason for 'B' may be because the arrow keys in input mode don't function as arrow keys, so just press Esc to go into default mode any time. When to shift to input mode press i or a, and to navigate just press i key and use arrow keys or h, j, k, l.

score 7 · Answer 6 · edited Jan 19 '17 at 09:44

I had the exact same Problem but not only on my local machine but also on connections via putty on a sles machine in a Win7 VM over a citrix receiver. Both the local host and the remote hosts show after a reinstall of Ubuntu had the exact same problem.

After finding out that

$ localectl list-keymaps 
Couldn't find any console keymaps.

Causes this strange VI behaviour I installed the package console-data which solves the issue!

sudo apt-get install console-data

score 6 · Answer 7 · edited Jul 29 '20 at 03:20

Here is an explanation:

Vi is an editor that's been around a long while, with roots back to the Unix systems. It's a good tool but it has been iterated on and now there is better. Vim was written later and is that iteration. People commonly refer to vi as 'vim-minimal' and to vim is an "improved" version of vi. You can think of it like this: vi is the core and vim expands on it.

Likely how you discovered the behavior:

In order for you to have discovered this problem, you pressed "i" to enter into insert mode and then used your arrow keys to navigate the correct line and edit point. This is what caused your unexpected char issue.

Solution 1 or 2

vi someFile While using vi, first move to the edit point, then enter into insert mode.
vim someFile Simply use vim from the start.

I cannot stress enough to read the manual (man pages) or to use -h for help. Once you adjust to the patterns in the shell, man pages become your best friend. Example: man vi or man vim

Validate that Vim is installed.

Open a console window and execute:

dpkg --list | grep vim

If you get something similar to this, then you can just start using vim.

~ $ dpkg --list | grep vim
ii  vim         2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3  amd64  Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor
ii  vim-common  2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3  amd64  Vi IMproved - Common files
ii  vim-runtime 2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3  all    Vi IMproved - Runtime files
ii  vim-tiny    2:7.4.052-1ubuntu3  amd64  Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor - compact version

If the command prompt returns with nothing, then vim is is not installed. Use the below examples to update your repositories and then install vim.

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vim

On the off chance that you use vi or vim only when searching on the internet how to fix something and you happen to forget to type vim, there is one way that you can fix it for the future. I caution you to pay attention. You can use an alias to overwrite vi with a reference to vim so that no matter what you type in the infrequent future, you get vim without that "oops!" moment. You can always delete an alias later.

Type vim .bashrc. Move down to the empty line with only a ~ (or to any other line that starts with alias (so they're grouped together) and then press the i key to enter -insert- mode. On its own separate line, enter the following:

alias vi='vim'

Press Esc and then type :wq. Now you need to reload the file. Type source .bashrc Any other shell that opens after you have made these edits will automatically load the .bashrc file.

score 5 · Answer 8 · edited Jul 29 '20 at 14:25

5

This can also be due to the TERM variable; set it for example like this:

export TERM=xterm

edited Jul 29 '20 at 14:25

Eliah Kagan

119,640

answered Jul 07 '17 at 13:54

Jasper Nuyens

51

score 4 · Answer 9 · edited Jan 10 '17 at 23:52

All the explanations given are a bit bizarre. I have vi but not vim installed.

Checking alternatives: /etc/alternatives/vi &rightarrow; /usr/bin/vim.tiny

So vi is vim.tiny, and it uses /etc/vim/vimrc.tiny.

And in vimrc.tiny you find the following line:

set compatible

Which is almost the only thing in this file. Note that in /etc/vim/vimrc it is using nocompatible.

So either install vim, or change the vimrc.tiny file, or create your own ~/.vimrc which should contain the line:

set nocompatible

score 2 · Answer 10 · answered Nov 28 '18 at 18:29

For VI create or edit the file "~/.exrc" or VIM create or edit the file "~/.vimrc" set or add in the line.

set nocompatible

At the time of this writing there are commends on the second most voted item that are wondering why their entry was not accepted. The reason is there are hosts that do not allow installing other editors. Even then vim sometimes has the same effects, so there is a bunch of usable info from the top two entries. I cannot comment however hopefully this clears up reasons why neither one is 100% correct 100% of the time.

score 2 · Answer 11 · answered Oct 05 '13 at 05:51

2

The traditional vi editor doesn't recognize the arrow keys (...afair). There are two solutions:

use vim instead of vi
use h, j, k and l to navigate (you can't navigate while editing on the traditional vi btw.)

answered Oct 05 '13 at 05:51

MadMike

4,275
8
29
50

score 2 · Answer 12 · edited May 02 '18 at 21:46

On some systems, the nocompatible option is not available, or it may not fix the problem if a plugin breaks arrow key functionality. Here's a workaround...

Edit the .exrc file to include the following lines:

map! ^[OA ^[ka
map! ^[OB ^[ja
map! ^[OC ^[la
map! ^[OD ^[ha

Or, if the problem only exists in normal mode, you can change to nmap and skip the following a, as follows:

nmap! ^[OA ^[k

and so on.

Here's the key combinations needed to produce them (showing first one only):

map! <CTRL-V><Up-Arrow> <CTRL-V><ESC>ka

This escapes edit mode, moves in the wanted direction, and reenters edit mode. This is needed to overcome Vi reading the escape sequence as a sequence of literal <ESC><O><A>, etc.

Source: https://hea-www.harvard.edu/~fine/Tech/vi.html

score 1 · Answer 13 · edited Jul 29 '20 at 14:24

This may happen because Vim received no (or wrong) information about the terminal you are using and therefore can't recognise the key presses correctly.

Since Vim tries to get this information from the TERM variable, this could be fixed by running

export TERM=linux

before starting Vim.

This is similar to Jasper Nuyens's answer about setting it to xterm. xterm, xterm-color, and xterm-256color relate to graphical terminal programs. linux is the terminal type set in virtual consoles and is worth trying if you're not in a graphical terminal, or if xterm was already set or otherwise not effective.

score 0 · Answer 14 · answered Dec 22 '18 at 11:22

0

On this machine I had to make sure that

set nocompatible

is the last entry in ~/.vimrc. Or at least one of the last entries, in particular no more plugin is loaded afterwards.

HTH

answered Dec 22 '18 at 11:22

Gen.Stack

123

score 0 · Answer 15 · answered Feb 07 '19 at 00:38

For some reason, Ubuntu has omitted initialising envvar HOME for user root on my new 18.04 VPS. If that is the case, vi cannnot find the .vimrc file. The problem does not occur for normal users (in /home/).

To check the variable:

echo $HOME

If this results in a blank line, the variable is not set. The problem went away after

export HOME=/root

I moved the command into the /root/.bashrc file (I don't know where this is usually set).

score 0 · Answer 16 · answered Oct 28 '21 at 17:26

0

I would recommend trying out gvim.

sudo apt install vim-gtk3

Gvim adds a graphical user interface on top of vim, and it does provide a proper cursor by default as well.

answered Oct 28 '21 at 17:26

Sparkzz

231

Hitting arrow keys adds characters in vi editor

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