I believe what's happening is dpkg package.deb does not install dependencies automatically. You should be able to read that in your output (see example below.) So after running this line to install your .deb file
sudo dpkg -i anki-2.0.33.deb
You should run this line to install the unmet dependencies
sudo apt-get -f install
The -f option stands for 'fix,' so apt-get will go and download all the unmet dependencies (assuming they are in the apt-get package index.) For more on this, take a look at this answer over on superuser
This was my output when running the files. Notice how in the second block, apt-get is installing the unmet dependencies, one of which is python-sqlalchemy as noted in the other answer. Afterwards, anki works fine.
$ sudo dpkg -i anki-2.0.33.deb
Selecting previously unselected package anki.
(Reading database ... 196396 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack anki-2.0.33.deb ...
Unpacking anki (2.0.33) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of anki:
anki depends on mplayer | mplayer2; however:
Package mplayer is not installed.
Package mplayer2 is not installed.
anki depends on lame; however:
Package lame is not installed.
anki depends on python-sqlalchemy; however:
Package python-sqlalchemy is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package anki (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for shared-mime-info (1.2-0ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.10.1-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.22-1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for bamfdaemon (0.5.1+14.04.20140409-0ubuntu1) ...
Rebuilding /usr/share/applications/bamf-2.index...
Processing triggers for mime-support (3.54ubuntu1.1) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
anki
Notice how the missing dependencies are the ones being downloaded
$ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
esound-common lame libaacs0 libaudiofile1 libbluray1 libesd0 libgif4
libpostproc52 libsdl1.2debian libsvga1 libvdpau1 mplayer python-sqlalchemy
python-sqlalchemy-ext
Suggested packages:
libbluray-bdj pulseaudio-esound-compat nvidia-vdpau-driver vdpau-driver
mplayer-doc netselect fping python-sqlalchemy-doc python-psycopg2
python-mysqldb python-kinterbasdb python-pymssql
The following NEW packages will be installed:
esound-common lame libaacs0 libaudiofile1 libbluray1 libesd0 libgif4
libpostproc52 libsdl1.2debian libsvga1 libvdpau1 mplayer python-sqlalchemy
python-sqlalchemy-ext
0 upgraded, 14 newly installed, 0 to remove and 10 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
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