I installed the latest version of Ubuntu on my laptop. My laptop has two SSDs shared together in a RAID array. I shrank my Windows 11 partition to create a blank unallocated space for Ubuntu. During the install, Ubuntu DID install to the unallocated partition as I intended. However, GRUB for some reason does not list Windows 11 in the options for what to boot to. I have checked and grub seems to know Windows 11 is there (based on boot-repair's pastebin upload) but it doesn't add the Windows 11 option.
Here are the links for Boot-Repair's pastebin before a potential repair:
https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/WKy23GMXj9
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda1 starts
at sector 0. But according to the info from fdisk,
sda1 starts at sector 40.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: exfat
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
Boot file info: Grub2 (v2.00) in the file
/ubuntu-24.10-desktop-amd64.iso looks at sector 0 of
the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not
be found at this location.
Operating System:
Boot files:
md/imsm0: ______________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
md/Volume1_0: __________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1 (linux): The OS now in use - Ubuntu 24.10 on md126p6
OS#2 (windows): Windows 8 or 10 on md126p3
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: GA106M [GeForce RTX 3060 Mobile / Max-Q] TigerLake-H GT1 [UHD Graphics] from NVIDIA Corporation Intel Corporation
BOOT_IMAGE of the installed session in use:
/boot/vmlinuz-6.11.0-21-generic root=UUID=e2a80fb8-6bee-4288-8582-686fa0b4612d ro quiet splash crashkernel=2G-4G:320M,4G-32G:512M,32G-64G:1024M,64G-128G:2048M,128G-:4096M vt.handoff=7
df -Th / : /dev/md126p6 ext4 246G 17G 217G 7% /
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: E17K3IMS.11B(1.27) from American Megatrends International, LLC.
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this installed-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 1 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,0003,0002
Boot0000* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,c5ca7f88-ad3b-403d-8195-474302bd45d5,0x800,0x32000)/File(\EFI\MICROSOFT\BOOT\BOOTMGFW.EFI)57494e444f5753000100000088000000780000004200430044004f0042004a004500430054003d007b00390064006500610038003600320063002d0035006300640064002d0034006500370030002d0061006300630031002d006600330032006200330034003400640034003700390035007d00000033000100000010000000040000007fff0400
Boot0002* Ubuntu HD(1,GPT,8b172a01-9856-4754-9804-45038e048ee9,0x28,0x64000)/File(\EFI\UBUNTU\GRUBX64.EFI)
Boot0003* ubuntu HD(5,GPT,f17dea13-3bb6-4721-902a-8dd9a992f1b6,0xceecf000,0x219800)/File(\EFI\UBUNTU\SHIMX64.EFI)0000424f
6c4ec35ced47a0bfa4cc96d3570d2e17 md126p5/BOOT/fbx64.efi
9f09ebdacbdc7c46269f99c7754bbfd3 md126p5/BOOT/mmx64.efi
df2f3409a93b3782486540c125798730 md126p5/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
9f09ebdacbdc7c46269f99c7754bbfd3 md126p5/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
211a377300f24895b42f5ce384344a0c md126p5/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
211a377300f24895b42f5ce384344a0c md126p5/BOOT/BOOTX64.efi
e030e41a44f29f6f30724532e0c280d7 md126p1/Boot/bootx64.efi
e030e41a44f29f6f30724532e0c280d7 md126p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
eb40a690db1d4d5dbf1fbe153db0799c md126p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
31ae265044d7137c6a97584f14ee20ca md126p1/Microsoft/Boot/SecureBootRecovery.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
sda : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, liveusb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 40 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
md126p6 : is-os, 64, apt-get, signed grub-efi , grub2, grub-install, grubenv-ok, update-grub, end-after-100GB
md126p5 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, end-after-100GB
md126p3 : is-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, end-after-100GB
md126p1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
md126p4 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, end-after-100GB
sda2 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, end-after-100GB
sda1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
md126p6 : isnotESP, fstab-has-goodEFI, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, ext4
md126p5 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, vfat
md126p3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, ntfs
md126p1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, vfat
md126p4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, ntfs
sda2 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, exfat
sda1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot, vfat
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
md126p6 : not--sepboot, with-boot, fstab-without-boot, not-sep-usr, with--usr, fstab-without-usr, std-grub.d, sda
md126p5 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
md126p3 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
md126p1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
md126p4 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda2 : maybesepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
sda1 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk nvme0n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk identifier: 0xdd2fd68b
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
nvme0n1p1 2048 2000406527 2000404480 953.9G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
Disk nvme1n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk identifier: 0x01dfd3bf
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
nvme1n1p1 1 2000409263 2000409263 953.9G ee GPT
Disk md126: 1.86 TiB, 2048414187520 bytes, 4000808960 sectors
Disk identifier: A570B6B4-B080-4AAA-A0A2-D72B6F2245C0
Start End Sectors Size Type
md126p1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
md126p2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
md126p3 239616 3471634431 3471394816 1.6T Microsoft basic data
md126p4 3998996480 4000802815 1806336 882M Windows recovery environment
md126p5 3471634432 3473836031 2201600 1G EFI System
md126p6 3473836032 3998996479 525160448 250.4G Linux filesystem
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
Disk sda: 18.19 TiB, 20000588955136 bytes, 39063650303 sectors
Disk identifier: 9FCEB793-9B88-473D-9DDC-5AB3009CA913
Start End Sectors Size Type
sda1 40 409639 409600 200M EFI System
sda2 411648 39063648255 39063236608 18.2T Microsoft basic data
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:20.0TB:scsi:512:4096:gpt:Seagate Expansion HDD:;
1:20.5kB:210MB:210MB:fat32:EFI System Partition:boot, esp;
2:211MB:20.0TB:20.0TB:::msftdata;
nvme0n1:1024GB:nvme:512:512:msdos:NVME SSD 1TB:;
1:1049kB:1024GB:1024GB:::;
md126:2048GB:md:512:512:gpt:Linux Software RAID Array:;
1:1049kB:106MB:105MB:fat32:EFI :boot, esp, no_automount;
2:106MB:123MB:16.8MB::Micr:msftres, no_automount;
3:123MB:1777GB:1777GB:ntfs::msftdata;
5:1777GB:1779GB:1127MB:fat32::boot, esp;
6:1779GB:2047GB:269GB:ext4::;
4:2047GB:2048GB:925MB:ntfs::hidden, diag, no_automount;
nvme1n1:1024GB:nvme:512:512:unknown:NVME SSD 1TB:;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
├─sda1 vfat 67E3-17ED 8b172a01-9856-4754-9804-45038e048ee9 EFI EFI System Partition
└─sda2 exfat 67AC-8677 d640e8a6-797a-4cd8-bdea-fbf55671106c Expansion
nvme0n1 isw_raid_member
├─md126
│ ├─md126p1 vfat 78B9-54A6 c5ca7f88-ad3b-403d-8195-474302bd45d5 EFI
│ ├─md126p2 f75c85cd-2df3-4d1e-aa75-7d735012de5c Micr
│ ├─md126p3 ntfs 882ABB292ABB12E4 3d710992-ece3-48cf-8095-5afb0d7a014c
│ ├─md126p4 ntfs BC14DB9614DB51CE f3fd3e18-f787-4437-a47e-73aef9768ff5
│ ├─md126p5 vfat 5471-F42E f17dea13-3bb6-4721-902a-8dd9a992f1b6
│ └─md126p6 ext4 e2a80fb8-6bee-4288-8582-686fa0b4612d fe77b601-1c9c-4037-8213-56843fda9770
└─md127
nvme1n1 isw_raid_member
├─md126
│ ├─md126p1 vfat 78B9-54A6 c5ca7f88-ad3b-403d-8195-474302bd45d5 EFI
│ ├─md126p2 f75c85cd-2df3-4d1e-aa75-7d735012de5c Micr
│ ├─md126p3 ntfs 882ABB292ABB12E4 3d710992-ece3-48cf-8095-5afb0d7a014c
│ ├─md126p4 ntfs BC14DB9614DB51CE f3fd3e18-f787-4437-a47e-73aef9768ff5
│ ├─md126p5 vfat 5471-F42E f17dea13-3bb6-4721-902a-8dd9a992f1b6
│ └─md126p6 ext4 e2a80fb8-6bee-4288-8582-686fa0b4612d fe77b601-1c9c-4037-8213-56843fda9770
└─md127
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md126p1 62.7M 35% /mnt/boot-sav/md126p1
/dev/md126p3 149.2G 91% /mnt/boot-sav/md126p3
/dev/md126p4 157.7M 82% /mnt/boot-sav/md126p4
/dev/md126p5 1G 1% /mnt/boot-sav/md126p5
/dev/md126p6 216.9G 7% /
/dev/sda2 12.6T 31% /media/jared/Expansion
efivarfs 65.2K 63% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
/dev/md126p1 vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0002,dmask=0002,allow_utime=0020,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
/dev/md126p3 fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/md126p4 fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/md126p5 vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0002,dmask=0002,allow_utime=0020,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
/dev/md126p6 ext4 rw,relatime,stripe=32
/dev/sda2 exfat rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,iocharset=utf8,errors=remount-ro
===================== sda1/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
search.fs_uuid e2a80fb8-6bee-4288-8582-686fa0b4612d root
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
=================== blkid (filtered) before raid activation ====================
/dev/md126p6: UUID="e2a80fb8-6bee-4288-8582-686fa0b4612d" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="fe77b601-1c9c-4037-8213-56843fda9770"
/dev/nvme0n1: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/md126p5: UUID="5471-F42E" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTUUID="f17dea13-3bb6-4721-902a-8dd9a992f1b6"
/dev/md126p3: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="882ABB292ABB12E4" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="3d710992-ece3-48cf-8095-5afb0d7a014c"
/dev/md126p1: UUID="78B9-54A6" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI" PARTUUID="c5ca7f88-ad3b-403d-8195-474302bd45d5"
/dev/md126p4: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="BC14DB9614DB51CE" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="f3fd3e18-f787-4437-a47e-73aef9768ff5"
/dev/nvme1n1: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sda2: LABEL="Expansion" UUID="67AC-8677" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="exfat" PARTUUID="d640e8a6-797a-4cd8-bdea-fbf55671106c"
/dev/sda1: LABEL_FATBOOT="EFI" LABEL="EFI" UUID="67E3-17ED" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI System Partition" PARTUUID="8b172a01-9856-4754-9804-45038e048ee9"
/dev/md126p2: PARTLABEL="Micr" PARTUUID="f75c85cd-2df3-4d1e-aa75-7d735012de5c"
==================================== mdadm =====================================
mdadm --assemble --scan
mdadm --detail --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/imsm0 metadata=imsm UUID=c60c9e71:23ee1ab2:a0a8b2f2:0c869554
ARRAY /dev/md/Volume1_0 container=/dev/md/imsm0 member=0 UUID=20e55180:37246766:75cbbc10:aff9e4a6
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would purge (in order to enable-raid) and reinstall the grub-efi of
md126p6,
using the following options: sda1/boot/efi
Additional repair would be performed: unhide-bootmenu-10s use-standard-efi-file
Final advice in case of suggested repair: ______________________________________
Please do not forget to make your UEFI firmware boot on the The OS now in use - Ubuntu 24.10 entry (sda1/efi/**/grub.efi (** will be updated in the final message) file) !
If your computer reboots directly into Windows, try to change the boot order in your UEFI firmware.
If your UEFI firmware does not allow to change the boot order, change the default boot entry of the Windows bootloader.
For example you can boot into Windows, then type the following command in an admin command prompt:
bcdedit /set {bootmgr} path \EFI**\grub.efi (** will be updated in the final message)
================================ 2 OS detected =================================
OS#1 (linux): The OS now in use - Ubuntu 24.10 on md126p6
OS#2 (windows): Windows 8 or 10 on md126p3
Clearly, the system knows Windows exists.
And here is the fdisk -l list. Unfortunately because my laptop is in a RAID array with two SSDs that are 1 TB each, fdisk lists a whole lot of stuff when I type in that command. I also have an external 20 TB Seagate drive.
Disk /dev/loop0: 4 KiB, 4096 bytes, 8 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop1: 74.25 MiB, 77852672 bytes, 152056 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop2: 11.71 MiB, 12283904 bytes, 23992 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop3: 271.98 MiB, 285192192 bytes, 557016 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop4: 10.72 MiB, 11239424 bytes, 21952 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop5: 505.09 MiB, 529625088 bytes, 1034424 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop6: 89.69 MiB, 94044160 bytes, 183680 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop7: 13.99 MiB, 14667776 bytes, 28648 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: NVME SSD 1TB
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xdd2fd68b
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 2048 2000406527 2000404480 953.9G 7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT
GPT PMBR size mismatch (4000808959 != 2000409263) will be corrected by write.
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: NVME SSD 1TB
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x01dfd3bf
Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1 1 2000409263 2000409263 953.9G ee GPT
Disk /dev/md126: 1.86 TiB, 2048414187520 bytes, 4000808960 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 65536 bytes / 131072 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: A570B6B4-B080-4AAA-A0A2-D72B6F2245C0
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/md126p1 2048 206847 204800 100M EFI System
/dev/md126p2 206848 239615 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/md126p3 239616 3471634431 3471394816 1.6T Microsoft basic data
/dev/md126p4 3998996480 4000802815 1806336 882M Windows recovery environmen
/dev/md126p5 3471634432 3473836031 2201600 1G EFI System
/dev/md126p6 3473836032 3998996479 525160448 250.4G Linux filesystem
Partition table entries are not in disk order.
GPT PMBR size mismatch (4294967294 != 39063650302) will be corrected by write.
Disk /dev/sda: 18.19 TiB, 20000588955136 bytes, 39063650303 sectors
Disk model: Expansion HDD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 9FCEB793-9B88-473D-9DDC-5AB3009CA913
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 40 409639 409600 200M EFI System
/dev/sda2 411648 39063648255 39063236608 18.2T Microsoft basic data
Disk /dev/loop8: 10.67 MiB, 11186176 bytes, 21848 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop9: 38.83 MiB, 40714240 bytes, 79520 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop10: 564 KiB, 577536 bytes, 1128 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/loop11: 149.87 MiB, 157151232 bytes, 306936 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
This confirms Windows resides on /dev/md126p3. After running Boot-Repair, I reboot but Grub still does not show Windows as an option. I don't know how to manually add Windows to GRUB so that I can have it available when I boot into GRUB. I'm not a techie per se, I used to be a computer science major in college years ago, but my brain could not handle the advanced math, so I transitioned into becoming an ancient historian instead.
TL;DR - How do I get grub to recognize Windows 11 so I can boot into it from GRUB? Some of my games do not have Linux versions.
