The VMWare Player 17+ appears to be calling for gcc 12.3.0. Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS should already have gcc-12 installed, but if it doesn't, you can install it. I would use the --reinstall flag to install it just in case.
sudo apt install --reinstall gcc-12
You can then check if gcc is part of the update-alternatives (or symbolic links) by running sudo update-alternatives --list gcc, but I have not seen gcc recently be in the update-alternatives. Since it is a symbolic link you can simply update the link to point to gcc-12 or point to the binary of x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12.
sudo ln -s -f /usr/bin/gcc-12 /usr/bin/gcc
or
sudo ln -s -f /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 /usr/bin/gcc
You are more than welcome to add it to the update-alternatives by following through the answer here How to choose the default gcc and g++ version?. Or, I have added the lines below to add it (I am only going to to do the gcc and not the cc or g++ lines, etc):
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-11 10
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-12 20
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 30
The 10, 20 and 30 are the priority numbers, and the higher the number the higher the priority.
You can now check the update-alternatives for gcc by running the following:
$ update-alternatives --list gcc
/usr/bin/gcc-11
/usr/bin/gcc-12
/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12
Then to config gcc to a different version run the follwing:
$ sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
There are 3 choices for the alternative gcc (providing /usr/bin/gcc).
Selection Path Priority Status
- 0 /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 30 auto mode
1 /usr/bin/gcc-11 10 manual mode
2 /usr/bin/gcc-12 20 manual mode
3 /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc-12 30 manual mode
Press <enter> to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number:
It appears as though VMWare Player 17.0.2 is incompatible with the 6.5.0-14-generic kernel. In the pastebin that you posted in lines 210 - 213 is the following error:
2024-01-17T11:02:29.957Z In(05) host-3229 /tmp/modconfig-ghwCI1/vmnet-only/bridge.c:1413:11: error: implicit declaration of function ‘skb_gso_segment’; did you mean ‘tcp_gso_segment’? [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
2024-01-17T11:02:29.957Z In(05) host-3229 1413 | segs = skb_gso_segment(skb, 0);
2024-01-17T11:02:29.957Z In(05) host-3229 | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
2024-01-17T11:02:29.957Z In(05) host-3229 | tcp_gso_segment
which is showing that the driver for the vmnet-only bridge is failing to build and that error is calling the segs that isn't compatible with the new Kernel. The version 17.5.0 has been updated for that driver and is compatible with Kernel 6.5.0-14-generic.
You can download the VMWare Player 17.5.0 from https://customerconnect.vmware.com/en/downloads/details?downloadGroup=WKST-PLAYER-1750&productId=1377&rPId=111473 and install it.
chmod +x VMware-Player-Full-17.5.0-22583795.x86_64.bundle
sudo ./VMware-Player-Full-17.5.0-22583795.x86_64.bundle
Hope this helps!