I am new to use Linux, so sorry for this stupid question. I've try to have Full Ubuntu on my USB(it is 64GB), I've did it by this tutorial: https://www.fosslinux.com/10212/how-to-install-a-complete-ubuntu-on-a-usb-flash-drive.htm , but when it writes it is complete to restart PC and remove my USB with installation medium(I've got another USB stick, 4GB which I used with rufus to boot Ubuntu), so now I my PC I've got plugged only the 64GB with installed Ubuntu, but when I open Boot menu, only Windows boot option will show there. I will be very grateful for all the answers and have a nice day.
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I would think when you check your machine is booting EFI only in your firmware. That guide gets you to set it up as a MBR boot device. Without the supposed to be about 100-200MB in size FAT partition at the start marked as typeEFI System Partition it will never boot on an EFI or show in the menu on such a system. The files that are supposed to be installed in that partition are not done when in MBR mode type for the installer. It needs to boot in such a way too but since it booted for the install on EFI machine it must be doing that so it is the missing partition type causing it. I never read all of it, does he have you make the large fat for a swap area? Thus making certain you kill off the drive earlier with all the wear that causes. To fix it do an install where you make the tiny FAT at the start and select it in that page for use as system partition however it is worded. Then once done it will be an EFI install. When looking around in the BIOS/Firmware there may be setting for CSM mode or to use both you can try this option to see if it boots the Ubuntu and will still allow Windows to boot with it enabled too.