Using OBS Studio (on your PC) you can use a smartphone (or other PC, as long as it has a recent browser) to create a virtual microphone/camera input that can be used in any application on your PC (e.g. Zoom, Discord, Chrome, etc.).
First open a site like https://obs.ninja/ or https://kevin.c3voc.de/ on the smartphone to create a stream URL that you can connect to in OBS. Now that you've got your stream URL, create a new "source" in OBS and select the "Browser" type. Use the generated URL from your smartphone as the browser source's URL in OBS on the receiving device.
Now click the "Start Virtual Camera" button (under "Start Recording") in the "Controls" panel. If you don't see it, you may need to install v4l2loopback as mentioned in the answers on this AskUbuntu question:
sudo apt install v4l2loopback-dkms v4l2loopback-utils