A new auth prompt has started popping up in the past few days (see title) (Ubuntu 18.04). This happens about half the time, anecdotally, when rebooting from the login screen without having logged in.
Thanks to this discussion, I was able to figure out that the relevant action, org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-ignore-inhibit, is configured in /usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.freedesktop.login1.policy (the link specifies a different file, but it's from 2011, so no surprise, things have changed). I think, given that, I can disable this action.
However, what I'd really like to do is find out which application is asking to inhibit rebooting and why. I imagine at least the "which" part can be answered via journalctl, but I don't know what to look for. Can anyone point me in the right direction?
EDIT: Using WinEunuuchs2Unix's answer, I was able to find lines like the following in journalctl:
... Operator of unix-session:c2 successfully authenticated as unix-user:randy to gain TEMPORARY authorization for action org.freedesktop.login1.reboot-ignore-inhibit for system-bus-name::1.40 [/usr/lib/gnome-session/gnome-session-binary --autostart /usr/share/gdm/greeter/autostart] (owned by unix-user:gdm)
So I guess gdm is the culprit. However, I'm still not sure why this is happening. I'll emphasize again that I was not logged in when the inhibitor was triggered.