IMO, Everything search engine is the best desktop search software on Windows and I wonder if there is an equivalent utility on Ubuntu ?
8 Answers
You can try tracker-search 
It is available in the Software Center.
To install it, run the following command in a terminal:
sudo apt-get install tracker-gui
After installing it, search for Desktop Search in the dash and open it. You can then search for the files and folders in the search bar.

An app called FSearch could help with this.
FSearch is a fast file search utility for GNU/Linux operating systems, inspired by Everything Search Engine. It's written in C and based on GTK+3.
It has regex support and instant results.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:christian-boxdoerfer/fsearch-daily
sudo apt update
sudo apt install fsearch
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Install synapse from the software center or via the terminal using
sudo apt-get install synapse
Synapse is a semantic launcher written in Vala that you can use to start applications as well as find and access relevant documents and files by making use of the Zeitgeist engine.
It will index all your files - images, music, video, documents, applications, folders you visit, etc and you can launch them from there.
To activate just use ctrl + space keys and just type your search terms. Scroll the results using the up and down keys and browse the different categories using the right and left. Once you find your result, press enter to launch.
See screenshot below after I typed 'ubu':

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Yes, FSearch is an Ubuntu equivalent of Everythings in Windows.
FSearch also could search Windows files (fat32, NTFS formats).
Installation:
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:christian-boxdoerfer/fsearch-daily
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt install fsearch-trunk
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Nautilus is capable of searching your whole computer. If you have external drivers, mount them and it will search on them too!
For instance, I have a drive called FILES, so I mount it and search a file from the root Ubuntu directory / and it is found and displayed in a list style:

To search for files in Nautilus press Ctrl+F, then type the filename on the bar.
A different answer.
You can use wine + everything with some configrations.
Then, enjoy everything on ubuntu. :-P
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Catfish. Not a perfect alternative but it claims to have an extension that allows querying and maintaining indexes.



