What evolutionary algorithms are there that model epigenetics?

Question

What evolutionary algorithms are there that model or incorporate some notion of epigenetics? What are the pros/cons of those approaches? Are there vast insufficiencies or wide-open questions about their usefulness?

Answer 1

Over the last few years, evolutionary computation research has shown increasing interest in including some aspect of epigenetics. For example:

• A 2008 paper by Tanev and Yuta
• Work from Lee Spector's genetic programming group
• A recent paper by Ricalde and Banzhaf