I was following a tutorial about Feed-Forward Networks and wrote this code for a simple FFN :
class FirstFFNetwork:
#intialize the parameters
def init(self):
self.w1 = np.random.randn()
self.w2 = np.random.randn()
self.w3 = np.random.randn()
self.w4 = np.random.randn()
self.w5 = np.random.randn()
self.w6 = np.random.randn()
self.b1 = 0
self.b2 = 0
self.b3 = 0
def sigmoid(self, x):
return 1.0/(1.0 + np.exp(-x))
def forward_pass(self, x):
#forward pass - preactivation and activation
self.x1, self.x2 = x
self.a1 = self.w1self.x1 + self.w2self.x2 + self.b1
self.h1 = self.sigmoid(self.a1)
self.a2 = self.w3self.x1 + self.w4self.x2 + self.b2
self.h2 = self.sigmoid(self.a2)
self.a3 = self.w5self.h1 + self.w6self.h2 + self.b3
self.h3 = self.sigmoid(self.a3)
return self.h3
def grad(self, x, y):
#back propagation
self.forward_pass(x)
self.dw5 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.h1
self.dw6 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.h2
self.db3 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3)
self.dw1 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w5 * self.h1*(1-self.h1) * self.x1
self.dw2 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w5 * self.h1*(1-self.h1) * self.x2
self.db1 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w5 * self.h1*(1-self.h1)
self.dw3 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w6 * self.h2*(1-self.h2) * self.x1
self.dw4 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w6 * self.h2*(1-self.h2) * self.x2
self.db2 = (self.h3-y) * self.h3*(1-self.h3) * self.w6 * self.h2*(1-self.h2)
def fit(self, X, Y, epochs=1, learning_rate=1, initialise=True, display_loss=False):
# initialise w, b
if initialise:
self.w1 = np.random.randn()
self.w2 = np.random.randn()
self.w3 = np.random.randn()
self.w4 = np.random.randn()
self.w5 = np.random.randn()
self.w6 = np.random.randn()
self.b1 = 0
self.b2 = 0
self.b3 = 0
if display_loss:
loss = {}
for i in tqdm_notebook(range(epochs), total=epochs, unit="epoch"):
dw1, dw2, dw3, dw4, dw5, dw6, db1, db2, db3 = [0]*9
for x, y in zip(X, Y):
self.grad(x, y)
dw1 += self.dw1
dw2 += self.dw2
dw3 += self.dw3
dw4 += self.dw4
dw5 += self.dw5
dw6 += self.dw6
db1 += self.db1
db2 += self.db2
db3 += self.db3
m = X.shape[1]
self.w1 -= learning_rate * dw1 / m
self.w2 -= learning_rate * dw2 / m
self.w3 -= learning_rate * dw3 / m
self.w4 -= learning_rate * dw4 / m
self.w5 -= learning_rate * dw5 / m
self.w6 -= learning_rate * dw6 / m
self.b1 -= learning_rate * db1 / m
self.b2 -= learning_rate * db2 / m
self.b3 -= learning_rate * db3 / m
if display_loss:
Y_pred = self.predict(X)
loss[i] = mean_squared_error(Y_pred, Y)
if display_loss:
plt.plot(loss.values())
plt.xlabel('Epochs')
plt.ylabel('Mean Squared Error')
plt.show()
def predict(self, X):
#predicting the results on unseen data
Y_pred = []
for x in X:
y_pred = self.forward_pass(x)
Y_pred.append(y_pred)
return np.array(Y_pred)
The data was generated as follows :
data, labels = make_blobs(n_samples=1000, centers=4, n_features=2, random_state=0)
labels_orig = labels
labels = np.mod(labels_orig, 2)
X_train, X_val, Y_train, Y_val = train_test_split(data, labels, stratify=labels, random_state=0)
When I ran the program yesterday, I had gotten a training accuracy of about 98% and a test accuracy of 94%. But when I ran it today, suddenly the accuracy dropped to 60-70%. I tried to scatter plot the result, and it looked like it behaved as if it were a single sigmoid instead of the Feed-Forward Network.
ffn = FirstFFNetwork()
#train the model on the data
ffn.fit(X_train, Y_train, epochs=2000, learning_rate=.01, display_loss=False)
#predictions
Y_pred_train = ffn.predict(X_train)
Y_pred_binarised_train = (Y_pred_train >= 0.5).astype("int").ravel()
Y_pred_val = ffn.predict(X_val)
Y_pred_binarised_val = (Y_pred_val >= 0.5).astype("int").ravel()
accuracy_train_1 = accuracy_score(Y_pred_binarised_train, Y_train)
accuracy_val_1 = accuracy_score(Y_pred_binarised_val, Y_val)
#model performance
print("Training accuracy", round(accuracy_train_1, 2))
print("Validation accuracy", round(accuracy_val_1, 2)
I do not understand how this happened and cannot figure it out.
