High quality of manufacture suggests others came before it
What clue is cited to suggest that the Antikythera device was not the first of its kind?}
+ The quality of its manufacture.
- Other boxes in the wreck seemed to have held similar devices.
- Chemical analysis of the bronze.
- Instructions for making other devices were found at the wreck site.
The Bronze age: add alloy metals to copper to make it hard
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of ______, with other metals included ______}
+ copper; to make it hard.
- copper; to make it withstand corrosion.
- iron; as impurities that served little or no purpose.
- copper; as impurities that served little or no purpose.
They could X-ray the device but chemical analysis impossible due to corrosion
Chemical analysis of the bronze used in the gears of the Antikythera device }
+ was not possible due to the degree of corrosion.
- suggested that Roman technology was used.
- suggested that Greek technology was used.
- suggested that a number of such devices had been produced.
All evidence points to Greece, not Rome or Egypt as point of origin
Which of the following was NOT used as evidence in an effort to guess where the Antikythera device originated?}
- Some of the astronomical events associated with the device could have only have been seen from Corinth, a region associated with Archimedes.
- Coins at the site seemed to originate from Pergamon, where an important library was situated.
+ The Library of Alexandria, where Ptolemy would later work, would have been a likely destination or origin for the ship.
- Vases found at the site suggest an origin near the trading port of Rhodes, where Hipparchus was believed to have worked.
360 was a special number to the Babylonians
As the Sun, Moon, and planets seem to move around the Earth, they remain close to a circle, called the ecliptic, that can be drawn on paper or imagined in the sky. The Babylonians divided this circle into 12 equal sections of 30 degrees each, and labeled the sections after the zodiacal constellations.}
+ true
- false
As the Sun, Moon, and planets seem to move around the Earth, they remain close to a circle, called the ecliptic, that can be drawn on paper or imagined in the sky. The Babylonians divided this circle into 12 unequal sections of approximately 30 degrees each, and labeled the sections after the zodiacal constellations.}
- true
+ false
The Egyptians added 5 days to the "perfect" Sothic calendary
Sothic calendar was an Egyptian calendar with twelve months of 30 days plus five intercalary days to keep the year synchronous with the four seasons. }
+ true
- false
The Saros cycle was (ancient) Babylonian NOT Egyptian
Sothic calendar was an Egyptian calendar with twelve months of 30 days plus five intercalary days to keep the year synchronous with the Saros cycle.}
- true
+ false
The extra five days of the Sothic calendar were not synchronized to the Moon
Sothic calendar was an Egyptian calendar with twelve months of 30 days plus five intercalary days to keep the year synchronous with the Lunar phases.}
- true
+ false
Do the math: It takes 12 years to miss three leap years
The Sothic calendar of 365 days did not include an extra day every four years. As a consequence, it advanced by _____ days in 12 years}
+ 3
- 1
- 2
- 4
(1d/4y)x(8y)=2d
The Sothic calendar of 365 days did not include an extra day every four years. As a consequence, it advanced by _____ days in 8 years}
- 3
- 1
+ 2
- 4
The Greeks used Egyptian names for their months
The months of the Antikythera device are labeled with Egyptian names transcribed into Greek}
+ true
- false
The Greeks used Egyptian names for their months
The months of the Antikythera device are labeled with Greek names transcribed into Egyptian hieroglyphs.}
- true
+ false
Two eclipse season per year. From 2-4 eclipses per season.
Eclipse seasons last for approximately ______ and repeat just short of ______}
+ 34 days; six months
- 7 days; one month
- six months; 18 years
- one month; 18 years
- six months; 54 years
The Greeks invented the crown gear
A ____________ is a gear which has teeth that projects at right angles to the face of the wheel.}
The Antikythera device needed an instruction manual (table of numbers)
Evidence suggests that it was not possible to set the Antikythera device without referring to a written table to ascertain the dial settings for a given date.}
+ true
- false
The instructions included compensation for leap years
How did the Antikythera mechanism compensate for leap years?}
+ Two concentric dials were independently adjusted by hand; one dial marked a 365 day calendar, and the other marked the position of the Sun with respect to the ecliptic.
- Two concentric dials were independently adjusted by a differential gear; one dial marked a 365 day calendar, and the other marked the position of the Sun with respect to the ecliptic.
- There was no need to compensate for the leap year because the Sothic calendar included a leap year every four years.
