War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to:

• Afghan Civil War (1863–1869), a civil war between Sher Ali Khan and Mohammad Afzal Khan's faction after the death of Dost Mohammad Khan
• Anglo−Afghan Wars (first involvement of the British Empire in Afghanistan via the British Raj)
  • First Anglo−Afghan War (1839–1842)
  • Second Anglo−Afghan War (1878–1880)
  • Third Anglo−Afghan War (1919)
• Panjdeh incident (1885), first major incursion into Afghanistan by the Russian Empire during the Great Game (1830–1907) with the United Kingdom of Britain and Ireland
• First Afghan Civil War (1928–1929), revolts by the Shinwari and the Saqqawists, the latter of whom managed to take over Kabul for a 9-month period
• Soviet invasions:
  • Red Army intervention in Afghanistan (1929)
• Afghan conflict
  • Saur Revolution (1978), communist insurrection against the Republic of Afghanistan government by the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan
  • Soviet–Afghan War (1979–1989), war between the Afghan mujahideen rebels and the invading forces of the Soviet Union and its puppet DPR regime
  • Second Afghan Civil War (1989–1992), collapse of the Mohammad Najibullah regime
  • Third Afghan Civil War (1992–1996), expansion of the Taliban militancy across most of Afghanistan and establishment of the Taliban-ruled Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan in 1996
  • Fourth Afghan Civil War (1996–2001), lead-up to the 2001 United States invasion of Afghanistan, during which the Taliban controlled most of Afghanistan, with the Northern Alliance controlling northern Afghanistan
  • War in Afghanistan (2001–2021), multiple stages:
    • United States invasion of Afghanistan against the Taliban and al-Qaeda in 2001
    • Combatting the Taliban insurgency with the International Security Assistance Force (a coalition of NATO member states) from 2001 to 2014
    • Resolute Support Mission phase consisting of anti-insurgency operations against the Taliban, al-Qaeda, and the Islamic State from 2014 to 2021
    • 2021 Taliban offensive, Taliban conquest and fall of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
  • Islamic State–Taliban conflict (2015–present)
  • Republican insurgency in Afghanistan (2021–present), a conflict between ruling Taliban militias and rebels